Cultural Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cultural Analysis - Essay Example The main objective of the socio-cultural analysis of India is to find out and recognize the potentiality of business opportunities in the country. This initiation would be effective for foreign investors and marketers in understanding the land, its people and cultural diversity before embarking on any international marketing venture in the country. Indian history has a glorious past starting from 2500 B.C. with the Indus Valley civilization (2500-1500 B.C.). The urban civilization was developed on the bank of the Indus river along with the flourishing commerce and agricultural trade. After its decline in 1500 B.C., came the Aryans who migrated from the northwest of the subcontinent and settled in the middle of the Ganges river valley. Ancient and medieval India witnessed the rise and fall of several kingdoms with shifting political boundaries. The most significant unified India was constructed during the reign of the Gupta Dynasty (4th-5th century A.D.), which is more commonly known as the Golden Age of India. The Islamic period came to exist in the country from 10th century A.D. when the Delhi sultanate was established. In the early 16th century A.D., the Mughal Dynasty was established. During this period, India reached new heights in cultural harmony, political administration as well as economic accomplishment in trade and c ommerce. With the arrival of the British (East India Company began a new chapter by initiating trade with India), Modern India witnessed a new political movement as the political power of the country got transferred to the Crown. The political upheavals signaled the beginning of the uprising of a freedom struggle, which was headed by Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation. On August 15, 1947, India finally got its independence, freedom of becoming a dominion with the Commonwealth after staying in the clutch of the British for almost 200 years.

The Consequence of Marriage Essay -- Theatre, Shakespeare

The Consequence of Marriage William Shakespeare has always been an avid supporter of love as the basis of marriage. Nearly all of his plays support that: Romeo & Juliet, Much Ado about Nothing, and even more notably, A Mid Summer’s Nights Dream. Bernard Murstein noted in his book, Love, Sex and Marriage Through the ages, that â€Å"the young should marry whom they choose and that they not bow to parental wishes† (181). Shakespeare’s tragic Othello reminds that parents are there to guide their children onto the right path towards a brighter future, and is a cautionary tale about the potential implications of a quick or thoughtless marriage that generally end his plays. The ramifications of a marriage outside of social rank and race along with the general social consequences are highlighted to show that marriage is more than just an â€Å"I do† at the altar, and is to be avoided. When viewing Shakespeare’s plays in the context of the time period it is obvious that Shakespeare was more than a storyteller. His commentary was directed at the upper tier of society and addressed the need for convention to be followed. At the same time, he had to be sure that his commentary was acceptable or subtle enough so as not to offend his sponsors. In some of Shakespeare’s better known plays, he teaches that the course of true love never runs smooth, and marriages should not be expected to run smoothly either. Societal expectations of the time were that a woman would marry whomever the male head of the household chose for her. Men, on the other hand, were free to pursue anyone they wanted and arrange their own marriages, with an eye to strategic coupling of social status and finances (Gies 256). Romeo and Juliet showed the importance of parental approval ... ...ve for Desdemona is easily corrupt due to his own insecurities, and in the end, Othello’s demise is no fault but his own. He is the man and could have said no to Desdemona’s proposal of marriage, and prevented the entire debacle. The self sacrifice that he made would have mirrored the sacrifice that Elizabeth made to keep the peace in her country and build it to one of the greatest nations the world has seen. Works Cited Crowther, John, ed. â€Å"No Fear A Midsummer Night’s Dream.† SparkNotes.com. SparkNotes LLC. 2005. Web. 2 Dec. 2011. Crowther, John, ed. â€Å"No Fear Much Ado About Nothing.† SparkNotes.com. SparkNotes LLC. 2005. Web. 2 Dec. 2011. Gies, Frances, and Joseph Gies. Marriage and the Family in the Middle Ages. New York: Harper & Row, 1987. Print. Murstein, Bernard I. Love, Sex, and Marriage through the Ages. New York: Springer Pub., 1974. Print. The Consequence of Marriage Essay -- Theatre, Shakespeare The Consequence of Marriage William Shakespeare has always been an avid supporter of love as the basis of marriage. Nearly all of his plays support that: Romeo & Juliet, Much Ado about Nothing, and even more notably, A Mid Summer’s Nights Dream. Bernard Murstein noted in his book, Love, Sex and Marriage Through the ages, that â€Å"the young should marry whom they choose and that they not bow to parental wishes† (181). Shakespeare’s tragic Othello reminds that parents are there to guide their children onto the right path towards a brighter future, and is a cautionary tale about the potential implications of a quick or thoughtless marriage that generally end his plays. The ramifications of a marriage outside of social rank and race along with the general social consequences are highlighted to show that marriage is more than just an â€Å"I do† at the altar, and is to be avoided. When viewing Shakespeare’s plays in the context of the time period it is obvious that Shakespeare was more than a storyteller. His commentary was directed at the upper tier of society and addressed the need for convention to be followed. At the same time, he had to be sure that his commentary was acceptable or subtle enough so as not to offend his sponsors. In some of Shakespeare’s better known plays, he teaches that the course of true love never runs smooth, and marriages should not be expected to run smoothly either. Societal expectations of the time were that a woman would marry whomever the male head of the household chose for her. Men, on the other hand, were free to pursue anyone they wanted and arrange their own marriages, with an eye to strategic coupling of social status and finances (Gies 256). Romeo and Juliet showed the importance of parental approval ... ...ve for Desdemona is easily corrupt due to his own insecurities, and in the end, Othello’s demise is no fault but his own. He is the man and could have said no to Desdemona’s proposal of marriage, and prevented the entire debacle. The self sacrifice that he made would have mirrored the sacrifice that Elizabeth made to keep the peace in her country and build it to one of the greatest nations the world has seen. Works Cited Crowther, John, ed. â€Å"No Fear A Midsummer Night’s Dream.† SparkNotes.com. SparkNotes LLC. 2005. Web. 2 Dec. 2011. Crowther, John, ed. â€Å"No Fear Much Ado About Nothing.† SparkNotes.com. SparkNotes LLC. 2005. Web. 2 Dec. 2011. Gies, Frances, and Joseph Gies. Marriage and the Family in the Middle Ages. New York: Harper & Row, 1987. Print. Murstein, Bernard I. Love, Sex, and Marriage through the Ages. New York: Springer Pub., 1974. Print.

Is War Inevitable?

1 Is War Inevitable? The modern human mind has sought to present findings and evidence that would lead to some form of an indication or conclusion regarding the inevitability of war through the multifarious fields of science and technology; anthropology; political science; economics; psychology (both humanist and evolutionary); and cultural studies.The general perception for most people – gauged through academic surveys and Social Networking websites – is that the innate biological tuning, socio-cultural infrastructure, geo-political systems, economic scarcity, and the massive amounts of arsenal possessed by mankind will never allow humans to transcend the atrocities of brutality, violence and aggressive bloodshed. Unfortunately, those general perceptions are not unsubstantiated: latest scientific research in the field of genealogy has blamed the Y-Chromosome for man’s propensity to wage war.Further anthropological studies have reiterated and reinforced the fear that clearly lays down the innateness of a tendency towards war, which, subsequently, implies that war is inevitable. However, that is not the complete picture. â€Å"Statistically, it is more common for humans to be cooperative and to attempt to get along than it is for them to be uncooperative and aggressive towards one another,† says anthropologist Robert Sussman from Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri.With a growing number of experts now arguing that the urge to wage war is not innate, and that humanity is already moving in a direction that could make war a thing of the past, this essay will, based on further research done in the above stated fields, argue against the inevitability of war based on the following grounds: biologically, new research combined with cross-cultural findings and a deeper insight into the evolutionary development of human beings will show how the â€Å"innateness† of war is a myth; socially, we will take a look at the development of a new society in the modern era that compels a change in social ideology that will inevitably lead to more peaceful times wherein war will not be inevitable. Anthropological and ethnic studies have shown that, long before the emergence of modern nation-states, human beings waged war in the tribal setting, basing these conclusions on archeological findings. Furthermore, observance of the behavior of our closest evolutionary cousins, the chimpanzees, has encouraged the perception that just the way chimpanzee troops tend to wage war on other chimpanzees – sometimes even beating them to death – similarly, we too are biologically programmed and naturally hardwired for aggression. In â€Å"Are Humans Hardwired to Behave Aggressively? Margie Wylie says that a new and upcoming field of genealogy suggests that the Y-Chromosome in human beings causes us to be, at least in part, â€Å"hardwired for aggression and troublesome behavior†. The question is posed to any logi cal mind: can we allow ourselves to conveniently use this as an excuse for war and crime? No. We can not. Yale’s â€Å"Human Relations Area Files† (Ember), a database of around 360 cultures around the world from the past and present, shows that nearly nine-tenths of these cultures have engaged in warfare. However, the frequency, intensity, and time spans of these wars varies vastly from one culture to the next. â€Å"There is variation in the frequency of warfare when you look around the world at any given time,† says Melvin Ember. â€Å"That suggests to me that we are not dealing with genes or a biological propensity. Even if we do consider the biological propensity and the arguments based on genetic findings, further studies with regards to these have painted a clearer picture that war is not, in fact, inevitable. Harvard anthropologist, Richard Wrangham, argues that humans have made evolutionary steps towards being less aggressive. In comparison to our ances tors, our brains are ten percent smaller than they used to be, following a trend similar to the Bonbonos: domesticated animals, bred for docility. Our ability to live in big cities without attacking each other all the time shows that we are learning to control our violent behavior, at least inside groups (Wylie, 2003). This coming from a propagator of the school of thought that believes in the innate tendency for war, it shows that in current times we can safely say that war is not inevitable.The â€Å"Us versus Them† syndrome that has plagued the human mind, thus naturally developing a propensity to wage war, is not quite as strong anymore. Bigger groups, with stronger and more complex bonds for internal cohesion have proven to be victors of war throughout history. They tend to become more inclusive, history is proof of that. The population explosion, increasingly obvious environmental challenges, and the threat of nuclear war leading to mutual annihilation are all modern wo rld indicators of the inevitability of war, however, like our ancestors ten thousand years ago, we are being forced by the results of our own actions and successes to mutate into a new kind of society based on a new organizing principle.The implications of globalization, the internet, the new concept of universal human rights, the political incorrectness of ethnic humor, the growth of transnational economic institutions and regional political ones, new thinking about gender relations: it all is part of a massive change in the way people live and think. It is only inevitable now that a new progression based on competition between ideas; schools of thoughts and philosophies will take over and will not need to enter armed conflict. (Coon, 2000) To conclude, we can easily say that given the biological developments concerning evolution, combined with changes in the psychological arena and in socio-cultural norms, war is not inevitable.The inevitability of war, in fact, was overestimated even before, as findings in this essay prove. The future progression of humankind may be slow and difficult, as it has always been, for change is not something engineered in design and geared in direction. But the future holds that war is not inevitable. Works Cited Coon, C. (2000). Is War Inevitable. Retrieved from Progressive Humanism: A New Approach to the Humanist Philosophy : http://www. progressivehumanism. com/war. html Ember, C. a. (n. d. ). Human Relations Area Files. Retrieved from Yale University: http://www. yale. edu/hraf Wylie, M. (2003). Are Humans Hard-Wired to Behave Aggressively? Toronto Star (Canada) .

Effects Of Free College Tuition - 1809 Words

Introducing free college tuition would have a positive impact of The United States, even so much as two year associate’s degree would have a hung impact. Free college tuition would give hope to the families which can’t afford the cost of tuition. Fran Cubberley states in his paper â€Å"The reality of Free Community College Tuition† that â€Å"1,300 students who completed our entry process through course registration ultimately dropped out before classes were underway. One of the major reasons was they could not pay their tuition.† Cost for tuition is huge factor on why people don’t attend college. Just think of all the amazing talent that the world is missing out on because people don’t have the money to attend college and get a degree or†¦show more content†¦They go on to state that† The average cost for tuition and fees for a four year private college averaged $19,710† that’s a hung number to worry about on up of everything else a college student has to worry about. There’s a lot time that is devoted into studying and getting good grades which in return doesn’t leave a whole lot of time which can be devoted to work. The average time a student should study is about two hours per week for each credit hour taken. For example if the student has 15 credit hours that same student should expect to study for at least 30 hours per week which is practically equal to another full time job. In the United States there are already a few different states that are offering free college tuition. Those states being, Rhode Island, Tennessee, San Francisco, New York, Oregon and a few others. Let’s focus on the state of San Francisco a little more. In the article â€Å"San Francisco will offer free college tuition to residents† Amanda Hoover states, â€Å"Mayor Ed Lee announced an agreement to budget $5.4 million in tuition for the college Monday. Officials say that will cover tuition for current students and allow the school to expand enrollment by 20 percent. Low-income students who qualify will also see the cost of their books covered in small grants.† This will give hope to those which don’t have enough money to affordShow MoreRelatedShould The Federal Government Should Allow Free College Tuition And The Effects And Consequences Of Doing900 Words   |  4 PagesIn order to have a decent job it is believed that one must attend college and submerge with a degree. It is exactly why most people in the states pursue higher education, a key component to possess financial security. The task at hand has become a challenging achievement, now more than ever, as a result of skyrocketing tuition cost. It causes students to take out massive loans which, at times, cannot be returned and therefore creating billions in debt for the United States. The idea that studentRead MoreThe Debate On College Tuition Essay951 Words   |  4 PagesDebate on College Tuition In our country, several young students in pursuit of a higher education, must work overtime at the local McDonalds, flipping burgers, to pay for their college tuition; while trying to juggle school work and study time during their limited free time. Meanwhile these students live in a country who has buried itself trillions in debt with no end in sight. Sadly, this is the environment that sets up the impassioned debate on whether college tuition should be free in our countryRead MorePersuasive Essay : Free Tuition989 Words   |  4 Pagesdraft Free Tuition College is a very rewarding life choice for many people in the United States. It allows young adults to transition into adulthood with essential skills and knowledge to prosper in the work force. Giving the equal opportunity of secondary education to all Americans would be the most ideal situation. There would be an obvious increase of people educated adequately to make informed political, economical, and social decisions in our country. However, making college tuition completelyRead MoreStudent Debt Owed By 40 Million People1222 Words   |  5 PagesA. The number is huge and significant. But does it mean free public college tuition will help solve the problem? II. Free public college has been a controversial topic as Bernie Sanders advocates this issue on his campaign. A. People have been talking about how free public college tuition can bring a bright future to the United States. B. However, they don’t realize its hidden effects when they don’t look at the low public college tuition with overloaded students, which can be used as a model toRead MoreShould The Tuition Free Program Be Mandated?887 Words   |  4 Pagesmake community college free for Americans. The proposal is made with stipulations, being that students are required to attend at least half time, maintain a 2.5 GPA, and make steady progress toward completing their program. With Tennessee already at a successful head start with their free tuition program, President Barack Obama wants the remaining states to progress as well. Now President Obama wants every American to receive two years of tuition free education in a community college. Upon completionRead MoreFree College Is Not An Issue That Has Transcended American History1048 Words   |  5 PagesFree education is not an issue that just affects today’s society, it is a problem that has transcended American history. Founding Father, John Adams stated, â€Å"The whole people must take upon themselves the education of the whole people, and must be willing to bear the expense of it.† Every year many high school graduates find themselves asking themselves, â€Å"What next?† For most, the logical answer is to continue their education. That is, if they can afford it. For those more financially-needy studentsRead MoreHigher Education Should Be Free1418 Words   |  6 Pagesshould be free. Many people do not go to college or drop out of college due to the cost of tuition. Every year the cost of tuition increase. If college was free more people would be able to and want to go to college. This could have a major impact on jobs in the future. Some countries have free education from kindergarten to university, while students in other countries have to pay at every step of the way. This essay will look at some of the reasons for this difference at university level. Free thirdRead MoreShould Colleges Be Free? Essay1186 Words   |  5 PagesShould colleges be free in America? It is a question that is more relevant today than ever before. As education is one key factor that determines the nation’s fate going forward, this question is worth debating. Making free college education may sound good theoretically but requires herculean efforts to make it practically possible. The main question is whether such program be effective in the long run or not? If, yes how long will the government able to support these costs and from where? Are tuitionRead MoreFree College Should Not Be Banned Essay1433 Words   |  6 Pagesthat the cost of going into a university or a college has become very expensive and would want their government to provide free college tuitions much like the governments in Norway, Sweden, Germany and many other counties in Europe. Furthermore, with the increase in concern of the topic many people have wondered why doesn’t the United States or most importantly, all counties provide free college tuition and that is because in order to provide free college there has to be a change in the economic structureRead MoreThe Community College Model Works Just Fine1361 Words   |  6 PagesBarack Obama’s recent proposal to make the first two years of community college free of charge. Dr. Michael A. MacDowell, retired president of Misericordia University and a writer for Citizen’s Voice, disagrees with Obama’s plan and makes this clear in his article s title, â€Å"The Community College Model Works Just Fine.† MacDowell’s biggest arguments is that the community college group is not the most effective group to offer free education. MacDowell successfully uses statistical facts and evidence